Sex Citizenship in Antebellum America by Nancy Isenberg - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1020 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/04/12 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Citizenship Essay Did you like this example? Sex Citizenship in Antebellum America by Nancy Isenberg offers a newfound perspective on the womens suffrage movement. This perspective focuses not only on the significant campaigners and conventions that sustained the womens rights movement, but on the political and social environment of the antebellum period. Isenberg states her purpose as such, This study hopes to change how scholars understand the origins of the womens rights movement in America. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Sex Citizenship in Antebellum America by Nancy Isenberg" essay for you Create order The genius of the womens rights movement layin linking rights to all the personal and political issues that affected women in the family, the church, and the state (pg. xviii). To fully understand the womens rights movement pre-civil war, Isenberg believes it essential that the issue of suffrage is no longer isolated, but examined in regards to the other political and social movements and climate that marked the early 1800s. To begin Sex Citizenship, Isenberg criticizes the popular belief among historians that the 1848 Seneca Falls convention and renowned activists Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were the exclusive initiators of the movement. At the 1840 London antislavery convention, the fateful meeting of Mott and Stanton took place, and most historians accredit this meeting as the foundation of the future womens suffrage campaign (pg. 2). Scholars also believe the creation of the Declaration of Sentiments, the founding treatise of the movement, resulted in the Seneca Falls convention as another crucial event for the movement (pg. 4). While it is important to acknowledge the effects of Mott, Stanton, and the Seneca Falls convention, Isenberg concludes that this exclusive emphasis on these select activists and the one convention succeeds in ignoring the other notable women and conventions involved in the movement. The second chapter of Sex Citizenship proceeds to mention other important conve ntions, such as the ones held in New York, Ohio, and Massachusetts, as well as covering the critiques of issues like consent, national citizenship, and equal protection that activists developed at these conventions. The next idea that Isenberg explores is the relationship between women and the public sphere. This relationship is extremely important as antebellum politics were centered around the ideology of the public sphere. The public sphere resulted in the separation between the womens and mens spheres. Due to this separation, the idea of property qualifications for suffrage succeeded in continuing to exclude women. Isenberg describes the effects from these caste differences as such, [they] measured men and women in terms of normative assumptions about physical appearance and public speaking as well as womens exposure to and concealment from the public eyes of men (pg. xvi). Thus, the public sphere dictated the role of women in antebellum America. Another issue that Isenberg addresses is the common practice of excluding the contribution of women from the religious importance of antebellum culture. In contrast to the belief that the church was an isolated institution, the church functioned politically as well as religiously. In response to this newfound political role of religion, antebellum activists began to develop critiques of the church, focusing especially on the patriarchal nature of the church. Isenberg effectively challenges the exclusion of women from roles in the church by analyzing these critiques. Isenberg also challenges the idea that the womens rights movement emerged from the antislavery movement. Several political campaigns influenced womens rights, and as these other movements are analyzed, it becomes increasingly absurd to accredit the antislavery movement as the pure catalyst for womens rights. Some of these forgotten political campaigns include the movements against capital punishment, seduction and prostitution, and manifest destiny seen through the Mexican War. Other popular campaigns of this time period support Isenbergs intention that politics of the family and home also influenced the womens rights movement. Activists reexamined marriage law and the relationship between husband and wife to show the importance of the family sphere in the origins of the suffrage movement. Sex Citizenship in Antebellum America is a generally strong book, and fulfills its purpose of reexamining the origins of the womens rights movements to include the religious, social, and political movements of the antebellum period. Isenberg successfully connects previously isolated ideas of marriage law and the religious sphere to be extremely influential in starting the womens suffrage campaign. Isenbergs excellent analysis of the critiques of women activists only adds to the books higher purpose of explaining these activists and the movement in its most complete form. Despite the overall success of the book, there are a few improvements that could be made. Firstly, in her introduction, Isenberg expressly states that she challenges the belief that the antislavery movement directly influenced the womens rights movement. However; upon further reading, Isenbergs argument is not fully formed and is easily missed among the much stronger issues that are examined. Another fault of Isenbergs work is her pattern of lengthy arguments for topics where the connection between them and the origins of the womens rights campaign is not fully expressed. For example, in her analysis of the Mexican War, Isenberg dedicates a third of a chapter to the discussion of this campaign, yet the connection between the Mexican War and the womens rights movement is still not apparent. The occurrence of this poorly formed connection makes one wonder if the mention of the Mexican War is necessary at all. Isenbergs purpose for writing Sex Citizenship in Antebellum America can be seen as a direct reply to other studies that merely focus on the suffrage campaign as an isolated movement without correlation to the political and social climate of antebellum America. Scholars that endorse these limitations on the origins of the womens rights movement include, among many, Keith Melder, The Beginnings of Sisterhood, and Eleanor Flexner, Century of Struggle. On a wider scale, Sex Citizenship in Antebellum America leads into a broader debate that struggles to define the origins and thus, the ideology, behind the womens rights movement. Overall, Isenberg succeeds in her quest to examine the suffrage campaign alongside of several different political campaigns, as well as connecting the movement to the political and social climate of the time period, making Sex Citizenship in Antebellum America vital to the process of fully and correctly understanding the womens right movement.

Aspects Of Object Relations Theory Essay - 1489 Words

In this essay I am going to be examining all aspects of Object-Relations Theory. I am also going to be explaining the shortcomings of this theory. Presenting evidence that proves this theory to be strong and relevant to adolescent development into adulthood. Object Relations Theory is a theory that was developed from a therapist client relationship this theory examines the interpersonal relationships that you have and how they shape you into an adult thinker. (Scharff, D.E. 1992). This theory reflects the care that the mother had for the infant during the time of adolescences and how that individual now feels about attachment Scharff, D.E. (1992).This theory shows how the mother infant relationship is the start of personality development for individuals. Scharff, D.E. (1992). This theory comes from the late Sigmund Freud, Freud had many theories on development. Going further into that the sexual development of adolescents into adulthood (Corey, 2015). This theory is very much so like Freud’s past theory. The object relation’s theory is one that compares ones separation and attachment in such a way that, we get to see how an individual’s childhood relationships with love ones could have affected their ability to either form relationships or become detached from others (Corey 2015). When speaking of childhood family interactions this is a very important part of development especially when referring to Object relation’s theory. Interaction is key when a child is at a youngShow MoreRelatedObject Relations Theory Essay1465 Words   |  6 PagesOBJECT RELATIONS THEORIES AND SELF PSYCHOLOGY Object Relations and Self Psychology Object relations refers to interpersonal relations 2. Object refers to that which will satisfy a need. Significant person or thing that is target of anothers feelings (drives). 3. 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Property relations form all other kinds of economic relations are the backbone and so basic. Enhanced the importance of the problem of property in connection with the transition to a market economy , as it is the foundation of the property becoming a new economic organization of society. Therefore, economic reform must begin with the transformation of property relations. In Soviet economic literature , including textbooks on political economyRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Mind By Paul Churchland1327 Words   |  6 Pagesthat science, especially neurological science, has access to reality; and second, the distrust of perceiver-dependent events. As modern philosophy was preoccupied with efforts to develop a comprehensive perception theory which attempted to bridge causal theories and representative theories, it is useful to turn to this literature to see how these writers accomplished a similar goal. 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Karl Marx was the first sociologist to develop the theory of conflict perspective of how the society functions. This theory had to do with the unforeseen deep power structures in a capitalist system. Marx mainly focused social classes and inequalities within the society, and how the society operates in serving the powerful minority at theRead MoreEssay Analysis of Norman Bates1170 Words   |  5 Pagesunhealthy attachments, fugue states, an Oedipus complex, and split personalities. There are two theories of personality that seem to really relate to Norman Bates: the psychoanalytic theory and the neo-analytic theory perspectives. These two theories are similar, in that they deal a lot with the unconscious mind. The psychoanalytic perspective was created by Sigmund Freud. There are many aspects of this theory that can explain Normans personality and behavior. The neo-analytic perspective begins withRead MoreDevelopmental Psychology Essay1110 Words   |  5 PagesSeveral psychological theories and approaches like the behavioral, humanistic, psychoanalytic, biological, and cognitive approaches have been developed to explain the development psychology. This paper explains these approaches and theories. Behavioral psychology studies how living organisms develop different behaviors in response to the conditions surrounding them (Lerner, 2002, p. 34). Among the theories that best explains behavioral psychology is Skinner’s operant conditioning theory (Lerner, 2002,Read MoreSocial Implications Of Psychoanalytic Theory Essay1219 Words   |  5 PagesThe article â€Å"Some Social Implications of Psychoanalytic Theory: A Social Work Perspective,† Brian Rasmussen and Daniel Salhani, discuss social implications of psychoanalytic theory and suggest the importance of these theoretical ideas to social work practice. Furthermore, the subsequent questions and concerns which arise from the implications of the numerous avenues of the psychodynamic theory. They maintained constant themes throughout this process, such as, understanding the importance of humanRead MorePsychodynamic Theory1560 Words   |  7 PagesPsychodynamic Theory Debate Janice Birdsong, Melissa Johnston, and Helene Torres Psy/405 November 10, 2014 Instructor Krasner Psychodynamic Theory Debate Jung and Klein, I think for the purpose of this debate we get a quick description of your theories. Klein, let us start with you. In my theory of object relation, we focus on the importance of the mother child relationship. My theory was built on my interpretations of childhood during the first four to six months where most children begin

Accounting Ethics free essay sample

The Bible and accounting have numerous similarities when it comes to ethics. First, let us take a look at the definition of ethics; â€Å"ethics are the beliefs that distinguish right from wrong. They are accepted standards of good and bad behavior† (Wild, p. 8). Therefore when comparing the two we are able to distinguish certain verses in the bible, with the code of ethics in accounting that are recognized in the accounting industry or any industry at that. There are a few verses that I would like to start off with, just to give the reader an idea of the many scriptures that pertain not only to accounting ethics but general code of ethics for any form of business. â€Å"You shall not steal; you shall not deal falsely; you shall not lie to one another† (Leviticus 19:11, English Standard Version). By examining the scripture we can identify how this relates to accounting ethics. We will write a custom essay sample on Accounting Ethics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For instances, Leviticus 19:11 explains that that we are not to steal, and basically deceive those who have decided to do business with us, when we compare that to accounting ethics it would describe a person or the organization misleading the buyer into thinking they are getting a great deal on a particular product when really the person/organization is deceiving them to get more money out of buyer. Another example would be a worker inputting more hours than they really worked in order to get paid more. This hurts the company and possibly the workers position if it is found out that the worker knowingly did this. The next verse that will be discussed will deal with the sex, diversity, religion of an individual that works for a company. â€Å"You shall not wrong a sojourner or oppress him, for you were sojourners in the land of Egypt† (Exodus 22:21). This verse describes the tendency people have in taunting others at the workplace for the following reasons; they may be of a different race, have different views when it comes to religion, or be a woman in a male dominant field. Either way discrimination is not acceptable in the workforce, â€Å"diversity is necessary if a firm wants fresh ideas, solid growth, and a positive image†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Friedman 2003). Those changes can only come with hiring different people who have different backgrounds and ideas, and without that the company itself will not stand out to potential clients. Lastly I will discuss competition within different companies. When it comes to competition for different companies one company may think that wiping out their fellow ompetition would be beneficial to their business when in fact it is immoral. â€Å"If you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey going astray, you shall bring it back to him. If you see the donkey of one who hates you lying down under its burden, you shall refrain from leaving him with it; you shall rescue it with him† (Exodus 23:4-5, English Standard Version). Basically what this scripture is trying to get across is that even though they are competition it is moral to compete in a friendly way. Making it a goal to destroy that company because they are competition is unethical. For instance, put yourself in the competitor’s shoes would you like it if your fellow competition was striving to put you out of business for their own personal gain? To be an honest company one must follow the ethics of the Bible, not only for personal reasons but to honor our Lord who will reward in the end.

The House of the Spirits Essay Example For Students

The House of the Spirits Essay In this passage from The House of the Spirits, author Isabel Allende uses dawn as an allegory for Blancas sexual awakening. Blanca begins to experience nature on a new level of depth, symbolizing her graduation into womanhood. The passage illustrates the sexual act metaphorically in the rising of the sun. With her walk to the river, Blanca begins a journey towards sex and, eventually, her daughter. An atmosphere of hope and imminent change is established by Allendes description of the setting. The reader feels that the impossible is suddenly probably and that Blanca is about to undergo positive changes. The earth represents Blanca both physically and emotionally. The fields are personified as shaking off their sleep, (l. 1) illustrating the potential for an awakening of sorts in Blanca, who has also just woken up. The type of awakening Blanca will undergo is specified in the lines to come. The imagery of rays of light cutting the peaks of the cordillera like thrusts of a saber, (l. 1-2) is a metaphor for Blancas sexual awakening. Blanca is represented by the warming earth (l. 2) while Pedro Tercero is the thrust saber that warms her. The diction of warming and enchanted dream (l. 4) to describe the earth, and by extension Blanca, informs the reader that sex will be a positive experience. We will write a custom essay on The House of the Spirits specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The landscape is described differently later in the passage. Blancas clothing felt slightly damp, (l. 12) leaves produc a nice crunching sound (l.6) and she inhaled the perfume of the drenched earth. (l. 12-13) This tactile, auditory, and sensory illustration contrasts with the juxtaposed, uniformly visual imagery used above. This change in description represents Blancas deepening understanding of herself, symbolized by the earth. She begins to experience life differently. Instead of merely seeing the soaked earth (l. 11), fallen leaves (l. 6), and evaporating dew (l. 3), she feels, hears, and smells them. This new awareness of the earth symbolizes a new appreciation for herself. Allende utilizes color symbolism to emphasize Blancas growth. As she walks to the river, Blanca notices white foam, (l. 3) evaporating from the earth. Blancas name, translated into English, means white. The vapor is warmed by the sun and moves towards the light, just as Blanca gravitates towards Pedro Tercero. As she walks, Blanca leaves the golden wheatfields and far-off purple mountains (l. 8) behind her. Gold and purple are often used to represent nobility and wealth. This foreshadows Blancas betrayal of her families dignified title by having and affair with a commoner and the poverty that endures because of it. However, the inevitability of this fate is also foreshadowed. Blanca feels that the entire scene is part of some ancient memory in some previous life. (l. 9-11) This illustrates that Blanca and Pedro Tercero was destined to consummate their love and, by extension, that Alba was destined to be born. A motif in The House of the Spirits is fate. The reason Clara marries Esteb an Trueba is that she knows it to be her destiny. This symbolism furthers the point that a higher power (or powers) had mapped out the lives of the Trueba family. This passage foreshadows not only the inevitability of Blancas life, but the birth of Alba. Albas name, translated into English, means dawn. The entire passage takes place during the rising of the sun. The earth represents Blanca and the sun represents Pedro Tercero, so it stands to reason that, in the union of the two, dawn would be produced. Due to the fact that her parents are destined to be intimate lovers, Alba is going to be born and the Trueba family will experience its own dawn. The wheels are set in motion by Blanca, who is awakened (l. 13) and experiences an unknown pleasure (l. 14) that morning. .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539 , .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539 .postImageUrl , .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539 , .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539:hover , .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539:visited , .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539:active { border:0!important; } .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539:active , .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539 .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua017e7ae93998c9e09dc0a6ad90c6539:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Alice Walker-Everyday Use EssayAllende foreshadows that Blanca is about to embark on a journey that will change her and the Trueba family. This passage is an allegory for Blancas imminent sex life and Albas birth.

Miles the autobiography essays

Miles the autobiography essays This book, written by Miles Davis, is the autobiography tht he wrote a few years before he died. In this book I found how he first became interested in jazz. It also explains how he became one of the best jazz players of all time. Miles was born in Alton, Illinois in 1926 and grew up in eastern St. Louis. He learned how to play trumpet while in high school on the trumpet that his father gave to him for his 13th birthday. He was a bog fan of jazz and said that the thing that made up his mind to be a musician was wheh he first heard Billy Eckstines band with Dizzy Gillespie on trumpet, and Charlie parker playing the sax. He then moved to New York looking for Charlie Parker and to study classical trumpet at Juilliard School of music. Aftera while parkers drug problem began to take over his life, and this also affected Davis. Davis took some time toget over that, and by the late 50s he was a much bigger star than he had been before due to some of his recent recordings. In 1969, Davis started to record more electronic music, which was the start of the azz-Rock. Later on, when he came out with the albums A Tribute to Jack Johnson, and On the Corner, fans were dissapointed, and thought it was a terrible portrayal of the jazz they knew. Miles then sort of dissapeared from the view of the public eye between 1975 and 1981, but even when he came back, he wasnt as into playing anymore as he had used to be. He played again a couple times before he died in 1991 at 65 years old. As for the authors description of the book, it was all first person, because he wrote the book himself with the help of Quincy Troupe. My conclusion to this book strenghtens what I think about musicians. I dont understand why lots of famous people and especially musicians experiment with drugs. I would think that if their life is going well why mess with it. Another thing this book made ...

What a Java Package Is In Programming

What a Java Package Is In Programming Programmers are an organized bunch when it comes to writing code. They like to arrange their programs so that they flow in a logical way, calling separate blocks of code that each has a particular job. Organizing the classes they write is done by creating packages. What Packages Are A package allows a developer to group classes (and interfaces) together. These classes will all be related in some way – they might all be to do with a specific application or perform a specific set of tasks. For example, the Java API is full of packages. One of them is the javax.xml package. It and its sub packages contain all the classes in the Java API to do with handling XML. Defining a Package To group classes into a package, each class must have a package statement defined at the top of its .java file. It lets the compiler know which package the class belongs to and must be the first line of code. For example, imagine youre making a simple Battleships game. It makes sense to put all the classes needed in a package called battleships: package battleships class GameBoard{ } Every class with the above package statement at the top will now be part of the Battleships package. Typically packages are stored in a corresponding directory on the filesystem but it is possible to store them in a database. The directory on the filesystem must have the same name as the package. Its where all the classes belonging to that package are stored. For example, if the battleships package contains the classes GameBoard, Ship, ClientGUI then there will be files called GameBoard.java, Ship.java and ClientGUI.java stored in a directory call battleships. Creating a Hierarchy Organizing classes doesnt have to be at just one level. Every package can have as many sub packages as needed. To distinguish the package and subpackage a . is placed in-between the package names. For example, the name of the javax.xml package shows that XML is a sub package of the javax package. It doesnt stop there, under XML there are 11 sub packages: bind, crypto, datatype, namespace, parsers, soap, stream, transform, validation, ws, and XPath. The directories on the file system must match the package hierarchy. For example, the classes in the javax.xml.crypto package will live in a directory structure of ..\javax\xml\crypto. It should be noted that the hierarchy created is not recognized by the compiler. The names of the packages and sub-packages show the relationship that the classes they contain have with each other. But, as far as the compiler is concerned each package is a distinct set of classes. It does not view a class in a subpackage as being part of its parent package. This distinction becomes more apparent when it comes to using packages. Naming Packages There is a standard naming convention for packages. Names should be in lowercase. With small projects that only have a few packages the names are typically simple (but meaningful!) names: package pokeranalyzer package mycalculator In software companies and large projects, where the packages might be imported into other classes, the names need to be distinctive. If two different packages contain a class with the same name its important that there can be no naming conflict. This is done by ensuring the package names are different by starting the package name with the company domain, before being split into layers or features: package com.mycompany.utilities package org.bobscompany.application.userinterface

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 17

Management - Essay Example The government will then have the money to take measures of social welfare. The legal dimension proposes that the business organisations should follow the rules and regulations proposed by the government and should not evade taxes. During their operation, business organisations should follow the rules related to health and safety of the staff, rules against racial or sex discrimination, emission norms etc. There are several industry specific rules such as rule related to hazardous waste, which must be followed. The ethical dimension refers to the business ethics of fair competition while protecting the interest of the major stakeholders be it the shareholders, consumers and the employees. It requires the business owners to work with the moral conscience while taking business decisions. The discretionary dimension is the philanthropic part of social responsibility wherein the business organisation make donations for the social cause such as poverty alleviation, education of the poor sections of the social, control of a deadly disease like cancer or HIV AIDS. There are donations made by businesses during any national or global calamity. All these become a part of discretionary philanthropic act. Only two of the four dimensions discussed above has been the part of Friedman’s statement i.e. economic and legal dimension. In his essay, Friedman argues that the ethical and the discretionary dimensions can be the responsibility of any individual be it the businessmen or the employees of the organisation and not the business. As was insisted in the stakeholder theory by R. Edward Freeman, business organisations have legal obligation towards the primary and secondary stakeholders to run in a profitable and fair manner. The primary stakeholders include shareholders, customers, business partners, employees and the community while the secondary stakeholders include the government and the regulatory bodies, civic institutions

The operating statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The operating statement - Essay Example Variable costs are costs are those, which vary with the level of activity while fixed costs are those, which are constant irrespective of the level of activity. However, the increase or decrease of fixed costs is not related to the level of activity alone as they may though change over a period. Variable costs on the other hand are directly related to the business activity; they include costs such as those for raw materials and inventory. They vary in the sense that the more of each you need in production the more the costs will increase (Czopek 2004). When the budgeted of these costs is more than the actual, then the discrepancy is termed as an adverse and a control measure must be put in place in actual/real time (Czopek 2004). The operation statement will therefore help the management in identification of each of the costs, when they are favorable as well as when they are adverse and formulate the control mechanisms for normal operations. As there is no single direct way or strate gy of cost management and control, the mangers will be forced to examine the whole business strategy and make a determination of how to achieve a cost reduction without interfering with the business operations. Variable cost control Variable costs will rise with expansion in production and fall when production falls; this is quite useful for effective decision-making. They include costs such as those for raw materials, packaging and direct labor (Czopek 2004). The operating statement shows clearly a Budgeted gross profit of 18339.30 pounds. As indicated by the variable costs variances, they are adverse as shown: - Sales volume profit variance = (2,130 – 2,100) ? 8.61 = ?258.3 (A) and Sales price variance = (15.0 – 14.5) ? 2,100 = ?1,050.0 (A). Material M3 price variance = (1.55 ? 1,050) – 1,680 = ?52.5 (A), Material M3 usage variance = ((2,100 ? 0.6) – 1,050) ? 1.55 = ?325.5 (F), Material M7 price variance = (1.75 ? 1,470) – 2,793 = ?220.5 (A) and Material M7 usage variance = ((2,100 ? 0.68) – 1,470) ? 1.75 = ?73.5 (A). Direct labor rate variance = (7.2 ? 525) – 3,675 = ?105.0 (F), Direct labor efficiency variance = ((2,100 ?14/60) – 525) ? 7.2 = ?252.0 (A), Variable overhead expenditure variance = (2.1 ? 525) – 1,260 = ?157.5 (A), Variable overhead efficiency variance = ((2,100 ? 14/60) – 525) ? 2.1 = ?73.5 (A). In order to achieve the budgeted profit, the management will have to do something about the adverse variable cost variances, which include those for labor, raw material in terms of material usage and the variable overheads. Material M3 whose price variance is adverse with its usage favorable, the management can look for a cheaper substitute of the same material to curb the negative variance. Depending on the cause of adverse material price variance as indicated by material M7, management will find out, if it is caused by changes in purchase prices, they can find a substitute. If it is caused by substitution of the original with a new material, the management will decide to go back to the original raw material. The management by help of the operating statement will be able to device other ways of controlling the adverse material cost variance by deciding to look for materials which have cash discounts and buying from suppliers who offer transportation and storage as after sales services. Direct labor rate variance is favorable with direct labor efficiency variance being unfavorable at 252.0 pounds. The management is therefore able to know the causes of

Throughout Ken Keseys tremendous novel Essay Example for Free

Throughout Ken Keseys tremendous novel Essay It is another meeting though with McMurphy which causes the most drastic and evident change to Chief Bromdens character. In the midst of a bed time conversation with the Chief, McMurphy gives him a packet of chewing gum, the Chief replies Thank you. The chief then goes on to state this again. This comment from the Chief can be taken in two separate ways; metaphorically the Chief has said thank you to McMurphy, but, on the other hand he has thanked McMurphy for the allowing him to open up and talk and realise that he is not, in fact, insane. As well as that, it also shows how all along McMurphys inclination about the Chief was right. During that night time conversation with McMurphy the Chief talks about how small he is, demonstrating how the combine has affected him. Youre lot bigger, toughern I am. McMurphy then replies, You stand a head tallern any man on the ward. There aint a man here you couldnt turn every way but loose, and thats a fact! The Chief then dismisses this comment No. Im way too little. I used to be big, but not no more. Youre twice the size of me. This repetitive negative, Not no more, illustrates how he feels negative towards himself too, and how broken a man he is due to his time spent in the combine. McMurphy realises that, with the size of the Chief, he could use him to lift the control panel which he hadnt been able to lift at the beginning of the novel. He begins to build up the chiefs morale by complementing him in a descriptive metaphor, giving an image of how life will change for the good, Oh man I tell you, youll have women trippin you and beatin you to the floor. He offers him a free place in his special body-buildin course, and as McMurphy walks down the hall to sign the Chief up for the fishing trip he pulls the covers off him and states Look there, Chief. Haw what did a tell ya? You growed a half foot already. This again is used by McMurphy to build Chief Bromdens self image. Due to the character building of McMurphy and the Chiefs ability to find the cause of his illness he grows into a new man, a man able to be rebellious and able to pull away from the tight grasp which the combine has upon him. This point of rebellion expresses the Chiefs refusal to mop the hall. They stuck a broom out for me to do their work up the hall, I turned around and walked back to the dorm, telling myself, the hell with that. This emphasises the change in Chief Bromdens character as he is now confident enough to refuse duties from the black boys. This alliteration in the description of the boys is used extensively throughout the novel, emphasisng there colour, in 1962 (when it was first published) there was a lot of racism, white people were far more superior, and also their age, showing how even boys are running the institute, telling the white men what to do. But the main change to the Chief is his ability to laugh. I could look down and see myself with the rest of the guys and watch them, us, swinging in laughter. This is an effective use of imagery, as this metaphor emphasises how the Chief has grown mentally stronger as a man, as earlier on in the novel he states, You cant really be strong until you can see the funny side to things. His mental strength is illustrated through his physical strength in the shower room. So I picked him off and threw him in the shower. He was full of tubes; he didnt weigh moren ten or fifteen pounds. Demonstrating how McMurphys plan of making the Chief grow back to his real size is working. The character of Chief Bromden develops even further as when he notices a fog being produced by the combine and refuses to, slip off and hide in it. No never again, as he knows, this time I had them beat, thus emphasising how he has nearly recovered from his sickness. Finally the Chiefs transformation is complete, when McMurphy comes back down to the ward after his lobotomy the chief kills him out of compassion and escapes by throwing the control panel at the screened window. After the lobotomy, McMurphy states that he cannot do things like he used to, hobbled like this, the metaphor highlights that the institute has now got total control over McMurphy, even though he is not literally hobbled, as in cannot walk properly, he cannot think for himself, is a vegetable, he is hobbled. However though, the path the Chief ventures out on after escaping from the hospital is the same as the ill fated dog took earlier on in the novel when chasing a goose as it met the oncoming headlights of a vehicle, thus emphasising the battle between animals and machinery and how machinery will always win. In conclusion Chief Bromdens character develops extensively through out the novel from being a fully fledged member of the chronics to conversing with McMurphy and even going on a fishing trip with the other patients. As the novel develops the Chief grows back to his original size, commits an empathy killing on McMurphy to save him from the life of a chronic and escapes from the grasp of the combine. However, the reader is left in a state of uncertainty at the end of the novel as they are unsure whether the story is being told by the Chief as a free man out with the hospital or if the combine have taken him back into their tight grasp and he is telling the story from recollection to another inmate. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Ken Kesey section.

The Twenties and Thirties :: American America History

The Twenties and Thirties The twenties and the thirties were very unusual time periods in American History. In some ways they are alike, but in most ways they are very different. The twenties were a time of fun and partying. This is probably the reason it is called the Roaring Twenties. All of the thirties were known as The Great Depression. It was probably called that because of the stock market collapse and the millions of people without jobs. In the twenties, industry took a very big step. The automotive industry was the largest industry there was. The assembly line made mass production possible, and the industry boomed. Henry Ford's assembly line, located in Detroit, Michigan, was the largest one in the country and possibly in the world. When Ford first started making cars, the only car he made was a black Model-T. Almost everybody in the United States had a car. Three-out-of-four families owned one or more cars. With the assembly line they made a lot more cars in one day than they did before. Instead of paying for the cars with cash, people could now use credit to purchase items. Since most families didn't have the money, they would buy the car with credit and pay off the debt later. The thirties was a bad time for the automotive industry. By now Ford had made a Model-A and had three new colors: tan, purple and black. All of the companies were making more cars than they could sell. Nobody had enough money to buy a car because of all of the banks going under. Millions of people lost whole fortunes. Since no one had the money for a car, the cars were not being sold. This caused a big problem. The dealers were very optimistic. They continued to make cars hoping that sales would go up. The new credit law was a wonderful idea. It allowed people to purchase items like a television or radio. The invention of the radio united the nation. The news that was heard on the radio was heard by everyone that had a radio. It was the best form of entertainment of its time. Soon thereafter, the television was invented. Once again people took advantage of the credit and purchased televisions. The television still did not take place of the radio. The radio was still used for listening to music. Many people were spending more money than they had.

Analysis of Barbie Doll Essay

The Devastation of Social Pressure One would think that growing up would be a fun, not a worry in the world, happy experience. Yes, that is the way it should be, but that’s not always the case, especially for women. As girls season into women they realize they not only have to face the fact that they’re in a patriarchal society, but also the influences and pressure they face in the social aspect of things, such as their looks and body image. There is so much competition amongst girls, especially when transitioning into a woman and through most of their adulthood. So instead of being able to enjoy life and absorbing the true quality of it, we are side tracked with superficial, stereotypical, shallow thoughts and images of how we think life is supposed to be. Although, who’s to say what’s right and what’s wrong with the way we interpret things? Marge Piercy, who wrote the poem â€Å"Barbie Doll†, has a very strong view of how destructive social pressure can be to a girl through her transitioning stages into a woman. She expresses how the Barbie doll, the toy figurine that woman idealize, is, in fact, a method of corruption to a young girl. First and for most we must understand who the persona is in the poem, which is a woman, and more specifically Marge Piercy herself. She is observing a young girl going from Wolfe 2 childhood, adolescents, adulthood and then death in a roundabout way. Starting with the first stanza, of four, the persona explains of a young girl, and her playing with a doll, the Mattel’s Barbie doll to be precise. This doll is to be described as tall, blonde hair, blue eyes and it has the perfect body. The girl, â€Å"†¦presented dolls that pee-pee/and miniature GE stoves and irons/ and wee lipsticks the color of cherry candy† (2-4). The words iron, stove, and lipstick are all play-things for the girl, but are also identity markers. Such that the doll represents the ideal body image, the iron and stove tells us what type of work is expected of the girl when she becomes an adult (keep in mind that this poem was written in the nineteen seventies and that woman in the work force was still a very small percentage, thus women were still very domesticated) and the lipstick is to imply a sexual innuendo. In the last line in the first stanza the girl goes through puberty and no time is wasted before a classmate judges and criticizes her, â€Å"You have a great big nose and fat legs† (6). Going through puberty is a stage of growth. Adolescents become more aware of their social standing and sexual being. As we read further, the doll, she once played with, will create a major impact on her; in the aspect of her body image and the pressure she faces from her peers. In the second stanza we see how the woman is dissatisfied with herself even though she is â€Å"healthy and tested intelligent/possessed strong arms and back/ abundant sexual drive and manual dexterity† (7-9). The persona continues to say, â€Å"She went to and fro apologizing/Everyone saw a fat nose on thick legs† (10-11). The traits that this woman possesses, is in every way correct; however, she is so sure her physical traits are unacceptable to the culture. No matter what she sees in the mirror or what she hears, this won’t change her opinion about herself image. She has been brainwashed about her looks and she doesn’t think she is good enough. She goes around apologizing to everyone about the person she has become, believing there is no way she can change, at least in a healthy manner. In the third stanza we read how society is forcing the woman to change her healthy ways, physically, into something she isn’t. She does what she can to fit into society by, â€Å"†¦play[ing] coy/ exhorted to come on hearty/ exercise, diet, smile and wheedle† (12-14). She had so much pressure from every direction, she felt obligated to try and conform her body into what society viewed as ideal, which we know of as the Barbie doll toy. This idea was short lived. Instead of standing her grounds and accepting the individual that she is, she drowns. Society got the best of her, â€Å"Her good nature wore out/ like a fan belt† (15-16). She gave up and paid the ultimate price to be accepted in society, â€Å"†¦she cut off her nose and her legs/ and offered them up† (17-18). Now that she has removed her flaws she temporarily relinquishes her depression, weakness, and anxiety. Now that she has met the, impossible, unrealistic, standard, she can permanently wash her existences away and leave her shell of beauty behind. In the final Stanza, Piercy highlights the theme of the poem. Simply put, women aren’t accepted into society unless they represent the ideal woman. Now that the woman is free of body flaws and has had a makeover, she can be accepted into her culture even though we know this isn’t her true self. What must this say about the society she has been exposed to? In order to survive in this specific culture, if we’re not perfect, is to become someone we’re not. So not only do we have to try to live up to a standard that is not comprehendible but we also have to be fake. In the middle of the last stanza Piercy explains, â€Å"with the undertaker’s cosmetics painted on/a turned-up putty nose/dressed in a pink and white nightie† (20-22). The woman now has the superficial , but perfect, looks. She is manipulated (physically) so she can finally be recognized. Letting a society make this woman frail and surrender to being her own individual shows a lack of values and morals within herself. Having our own opinions, life experiences and ethics make us who we are and if we were all the same or are held up to the same expectations what would life be like? Would we all act like robots? Clones? As the woman has been re-configured, shallow talks are amongst her, â€Å"Doesn’t she look pretty? everyone said/Consummation at last/To every woman a happy ending† (23-25). Mission complete, she achieved her goal; she is pretty, unflawed, and looks like the ideal woman.

Response to Decolonizing the Mind

In â€Å"Decolonising the Mind† Ngugi Wa Thiong’o makes the call to African writers to begin writing literature in their own languages, and to make sure that literature is connected to their people’s revolutionary struggles for independence from their colonial regimes. He begins with the historical meeting he was invited to with his fellow African writers in Kampala, Uganda. In this conference, writers who wrote their stories in African languages were automatically neglected.He also continues to point out about how English and other European languages are assumed, until today, to be the natural languages and unifying forces in both literature and political views among African people. For instance, to explain his point, Ngugi uses Chinua Achebe, one of the major African writers, who embraces the use of an English Language in his works. Ngugi quotes â€Å"For me (Achebe) there is no other choice, I have been given the language and I intend to use it† (Achebe , 62).Finally, Ngugi concludes that writing in African languages is a necessary step toward cultural identity and liberation from centuries of European exploitation. Firstly, I support Ngungi’s claim that an educational system that focuses and embraces only foreign works, such as language and culture is destructive: â€Å"Thus language and literature were taking us further and further from ourselves to other selves, from our world to other worlds†(266). Obviously, there is a need to create a literature that embraces the real African experience starting from the perspective of the locals, not the intruders.The local language is an integral part of conveying that experience, this is simply because much of the local tradition is preserved in that language. For example, Ngugi insists that stories and songs are effectively passed down from one generation to the next through oral (story-telling), and the fact that both the story teller and the listener are interested and inv olved in the conversation. Therefore, the benefits of embracing and working in the local language and within the local traditions bring the entire community together.Secondly, I support Ngugi’s view that colonialism has deemed African languages unworthy of use – both by the colonizers and the colonized. He explains how a â€Å"cultural bomb† was dropped on Africa so the minds and consequently the resources of Africans were controlled. In my view, not only colonizers understand that it is not enough to take over Africa with guns alone, but they also need to take over the mind of its people through language and the fine education they offer through that language.This is seen in the schools where European languages are idolized, in the streets where African languages become synonymous with the language of the peasantry, and at the prison cells were those African writers who choose to stay true to their mother tongue are held. I strongly agree about Ngugi’s c hoice to write only in Gikuyu rather than English language: â€Å"I believe that my writing in the Gikuyu language, a Kenyan language, an African language, is part and parcel of the anti-imperialist struggles of Kenyan and African peoples† (267).He reminds me my native country, Kenya, and Kamba is my mother tongue, so if I choose to write in Kamba as Ngugi did, I will not be doing something abnormal. It true that â€Å"imperialism† has turned African people’s minds upside down: African people view abnormal as normal and normal as abnormal. For example, Europe and America became rich and continue to get rich from using both Africa’s natural and human resources, but African people are made to believe that they cannot become poverty free without European and American intervention.Therefore, Ngugi’s decision to abandon English completely in his writings and embrace Gikuyu in attempt to align himself with the people (Gikuyu-speaking population) is one s tep toward cultural identity and independence from European exploitation. I also agree with Ngugi that colonization is not simply a process of physical force rather â€Å"the bullet is the means of physical subjugation, and Language is the means of the spiritual subjugation†(265).In Kenya, colonization propagated English as the language of education; as a result, oral literature in Kenyan indigenous languages gradually faded away. This is devastating to African literature because, as Ngugi writes, â€Å"language carries culture and culture carries, particularly through orature and literature, the entire body of values by which we perceive ourselves and our place in the world†(267).This means that Language as culture, it expresses and carries the culture of people; therefore, it becomes the storehouse of its images, ideas, wisdom, experience and history. It ties me to my people and becomes part of who I am. And finally, language as culture, it shapes how I look at the w orld and myself. Lastly but not least, I think â€Å"Decolonising the Mind† is an integral to understanding an anti-colonialist struggles. Europe and America view colonialism in terms of the most visible aspects of a nation, namely its leadership.People fail to see and recognize the long-term effects of colonialism, such as the widespread poverty. Decolonizing the Mind reminds me of another aftereffect, specifically, the domination of language by the Western World. In a sense, the language barrier enables social apartheid where legal separation is considered anachronistic. By dominating African languages, and asserting the superiority of European ones over them, Western nations, including some African nations, do perpetuate a system where educated whites rise to the highest.As a result, native Africans resign to the working classes and peasantry. This domination of language effectively prevents any native African from rising into intellectual ranks because, as Ngugi puts it, the use of European languages splits African soul in two, forcing him to give up his roots if he wishes to climb the social ladder. Work Cited Currey, James. â€Å"The Language of African Literature† Decolonising the Mind: The politics ofLanguage in African Literature. London: 1981. 263-267

The New Super Power essays

The New Super Power essays What is the debate on weather or not China should retain favored-nation trading status all about? Is it really a decision on what is best economically for the United States, and China. Or is it: the issue of Chinese human rights violations and the fact that if the United States where to revoke the favored nation status of China it would have a profound negative impact on the U.S. economy alone. (+)Most-favored-nation trade status started in the United States as a version of the European preferential trade system. The Carter Administration first granted most-favored-nation trading status to China in 1980, following the historic efforts of President Nixon during the 1970s to restore diplomatic ties. Historically, a significant difference existed between the unconditional most-favored-nation clause in European trade law and the American version of conditional most-favored-nation. Under unconditional most-favored-nation status, one country's extension of tariff concessions guarantees the same concessions to all nations associated with it through commercial treaties. American conditional most-favored-nation status provided treaty signatories only the opportunity to negotiate most-favored-nation status when most-favored-nation status was extended to another trading partner. Thus meaning that the United States gives significant economic advantages to one nation in the form of mo st-favored-nation trading status. Under the Trade Act of 1974, most-favored-nation status could only be granted to China through a Sino-American bilateral commercial agreement and satisfaction of the Jackson-Vanik Amendment requirements. The Jackson-Vanik amendment states that the President of the United States may grant a communist country such as China most-favored-nation trade status if it was in conjunction with a trade agreement and upon proper improvement that China would permit emigration. Also China would have to satisfy that they are moving tow...

How Planning Your Blog Content Can Help You Get More Done

How Planning Your Blog Content Can Help You Get More Done I dont like planning out my blog content, she said. My friend and I were talking about editorial calendars and I, of course, was singing the praises of them. Id been using to plan my own blogs content and seeing great results. Why? I asked. I think content is better when it is spontaneous. More fresh, she said. When its planned out, its boring and dry. And I never end up actually writing the stuff on my calendar, which makes me feel bad. The Case For Doing More Blog Planning Before You Write via @JulieNeidlingerI could relate. Sort of. Most of my blogging existence has been one of writing at random. On a whim. When I felt like it. When the inspiration was flowing.  And it was also super sporadic, once every two weeks, and then three posts in one night. But I still felt that I needed to defend the idea of planning blog content ahead of time, before it was written, to my adamant friend. So is planning your blog content the answer to great content or its nemesis? If to plan or not to plan was a concept that was on trial, lets see how it would all pan out. The Case For Planning Your Blog Content In the case of to plan or not to plan, we have six witnesses for blog planning  defense: Inspiration can be used better. Systems have a chance to work. The rule of thirds means excellence. Rants and regrets dont exist. Research is better. Ideas are better fleshed-out. Strategy needs planned content to work. 1. Use your inspiration better. When that amazing inspiration hits, thats when you can get some serious blog planning done. The thing is, inspiration isnt always a regular friend. It often hits at inconvenient times and places (in the shower, or 2 a.m., or driving down the highway). Its wonderful when you get in the zone and the words fall out of your head into magical order, but most of the time, writing is an exercise that you practice to get better. Look at it pragmatically- you could use that wave of creative goodwill on just one post, or you could use it to brainstorm and write quick notes and ideas down for many posts. When your inspiration hits, you could write one blog post. Or use it to plan a dozen.When inspiration hits, brainstorm: Headlines Post ideas Content themes Series Ebook titles Email autoresponder courses As a writer often crunched for time and distracted from getting things done, Id rather get a lot of ideas lined up than just one post published. 2. A  chance to put a great  system to work for you. Writing systems are not magic bullets.  You can become so obsessed with finding the perfect system that you get nothing done and end up with no system at all. So no, a blog planning system isnt magic. But it is a way to shift into gear, get some momentum, and let the words flow easier. Systems are exactly like priming the pump. A system to plan your blog content isnt magic. But it can help you get more done.When you plan your blog content, you dont have to be afraid of not knowing what to say. Your system will help you. And, youll have time to properly use your system to achieve good final results because you planned and arent working in a rush. Here are two examples of writing systems that work great when youre planning ahead: The snowflake method for planning your blog content. This is a system novelists sometimes use. The idea is that you start small and build structure. The goal is to avoid major rewrites because you do the foundational work in such a way that the final structure falls into place. The snowflake method has writers start with a one-sentence summary of their book, then a paragraph to describe the plot. Then the characters are developed in a similar way, and so on down the line. While your planned content might not be a novel, a system that gets you to summarize and build from that summary to create a blog post could easily work. This type of system, where you start small and at the top of the pyramid, working down to the broader content, is best for detail-oriented people who like control. Julies four-step system for planning your blog content. Ive talked in detail about a four-step method I use to write blog posts. It starts wide and loose, unlike the snowflake system, allowing people who work best from inspiration or large ideas dump everything out on the page. Then it systematically helps you prune it back through editing and locating the excess. This type of system, where you start big and work from the bottom of the pyramid, working up to tighter content, is best for people who get large ideas first and then write them down to details. Or, for people who have a rush of inspiration and ideas and have to write them down before they lose them. 3. Time to perfect the final one-third. By planning your blog content, you have the chance to work on it, rework it, and finesse it. You have the time. Blog planning gives you the time to work, more than anything. And that means you can reach that final one-third. To simplify Tim Hursons idea in his book Think Better, we work in thirds. The first third is bad. The second third is better. The last third is the keeper. Thats the idea behind writing 25 headlines  to get one keeper, thats the idea of waiting until youve finished your blog post before writing the introduction. What you write initially is like rebar. Its basic, crude, rough. Just the start. Then you pour concrete or put up the drywall in your second round of work. Finally, you finish it out and add the final touches. Thats the final third, where you find the gold. Too many blog posts out there are rebar content. The initial idea, the bare-bones writing, the surface treatment. If they had had the time, they would have really been finished.  What does perfection in that final third involve? Time to identify lazy writing mistakes. Time to proofread and make edits. Time for other team members to complete the duties they have to do. When you plan your content, you get enough time to get past that first third into the good stuff. 4. No regrets for rants. With a long and storied history of ridiculousness, I am familiar with the insta-rant that you write and publish in a nanosecond and then spend the next few weeks putting out online fires. Rants and off-the cuff content can get you into trouble. Letting them sit as a draft for a day or two is the best option. But whats even better, particularly for a brand? Sticking to an editorial calendar and not relying on rants at all. When it comes to off-the-cuff content, rants frequently bubble to the top. Yikes. Spare yourself regret, avoid writing and publishing in the same fell swoop, and always stick to the plan no matter what youre angry or frustrated about in the moment. Spare yourself regret. Avoid writing and publishing in one fell swoop.5. Better research is possible. When you know what you have to write, you can research better. You can find better ideas using methods like the skyscraper technique. I know that having a plan in place and knowing what I will be writing about makes me more aware of what I could use in upcoming blog posts as Im reading and hopping around the Internet. This actually saves time in the long run. You cant do that when you dont plan. 6. A chance to use your organized ideas. Organizing ideas so that you can find and use them when you need to is a challenge. Much of the time, the reason people write in the moment is that they lack a system of storing that idea for a later time when they could write the content better. So they just toss it online so they dont lose it. When you plan your blog content, you can plug those ideas into your plan. Its one of my favorite things about , the ability to gather notes, research, links, conversations, and files right where Im planning. I dont have to feel the panic of writing now and hoping I can make it work in the first round. I can put it all together as time allows, and write later according to the plan. 7. You can create and implement strategy. Cant plan your blog content? You sure as heck wont be able to create a content strategy. Cant plan your content? You sure as heck wont be able to create a content strategy. How can you do any A/B testing if you never plan anything ahead of time? How can you pick out relevant patterns in your analytics? How can you attempt to make improvements to your content, your conversions- your anything- if you dont plan? No strategy, no direction, no budget. Planning ahead with your content goes hand-in-hand with planning your content marketing strategy as a whole. The Case Against Planning Your Blog Content Are there times when planning your blog content is detrimental? In the case of to plan or not to plan, lets have a look at the witnesses for the prosecution: You miss out on trends. Topics are not interesting anymore. Topics are now irrelevant. True inspiration is always better. Planning leads to procrastination. Planned content is dull. Are these legitimate witnesses or do they fall apart under scrutiny? Lets have a look. 1. Miss out on hot trends. You definitely cant know what the big trend is going to be a month or two ahead of it. That is true. But planning your blog content means you allow for flexibility when necessary. Your plan can absorb those last-minute trend blog posts if they are an important part of your niche. Trendy posts are the sprinkles on a cupcake- great to have, but you still need the cupcake or they are just lame sprinkles. The plan gives you the ability to sprinkle trending content on top. 2. Topics are no longer interesting. Sometimes planned topics arent as interesting to you when it comes time to write them, even if you thought they were a few weeks or months ago. This could lead to boring posts, lackluster writing, or missed deadlines as you put off writing the post. Well. Im sorry for your pain. Thats the business and work of writing. But if you simply cant bring yourself to write the content that you arent interested in anymorefine. Dont write it. Plan extra content ideas so you have the freedom to reject ideas. Give yourself some leeway as part of your plan. Guess what? This very blog post was planned more than  three months ago. When I opened up my editorial calendar to start my scheduled post, I looked at it and thought: Ugh. I have nothing to say about this. In that moment, I didnt particularly like planned content, either, because writing the plan was not very inspiring. So I reverted to my usual writing system, began the process, primed the word pump, and got the post written. And heres the big secret: What might seem like a boring post gets more interesting as you actually start writing it. Truth. What might seem like a boring post gets more interesting as you actually start writing it.3. Topics are no longer relevant. The topics you picked a month ago are not relevant or appropriate anymore. Again, fine. So what? Discard them, find something new, or tweak them so they fit. The scrap cookie dough left over after cutting out shapes doesnt make the cookies any less good. In the same way, the topics that cant be used dont make the planning any less beneficial. 4. There really are inspired moments to write. There truly are moments when you are more inspired to write. Yes. There are moments when the writing gods smile down on you and gift you with the golden words. So write. Use that. But dont make that your go-to system for creating content. They are horribly fickle gods, those jerks, and they are the patrons of blogs that have five fantastic posts spread out over six years. 5. Planning feeds into procrastination. Admittedly, excessive planning is one of the great procrastinators tools. Im quite fond of planning. Planning is exciting. It feels like youre getting things in order  while skipping out on the hard part of actually doing something.  So, if youre prone to procrastination, planning your blog content can be a way you make yourself feel better about not actually creating the content. But thats your problem with procrastination, not planning. Find topics that you want to write. Find a system that makes the start of content creation less formidable so you dont keep putting it off. Dont blame your blog planning. Figure out why you are procrastinating instead.

Toys R Us Company Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Toys R Us Company - Research Paper Example The Toys â€Å"R† Us firm went public during 1978 and started to branch out its products (Brohan, par 3). In the 1980’s Toys â€Å"R† Us stretched out into global markets as well as expanded its brand line to encompass children’s clothing. In the 1990’s, Toys â€Å"R† Us further grew into the baby product marketplace with Babies â€Å"R† Us (Lombardi, par 4). Additionally, Toys â€Å"R† Us assimilated the renowned New York toy store FAO Schwarz together with its online websites during 2009. Items from this New York high-end shop are now in Toys â€Å"R† Us stores too (Brohan, par 4). Toys â€Å"R† Us Inc. runs more than eight hundred and seventy five Babies â€Å"R† Us and Toys â€Å"R† Us shops within the U.S., more than six hundred and twenty five worldwide stores as well as over one hundred and forty licensed shops within 35 nations as well as its jurisdictions. Toys â€Å"R† Us board of dir ectors is comprised of nine members with Gerald Storch as the Chairman as well as the Chief Executive officer (Brohan, par 6). In an ever developing online retailing marketplace, Toys â€Å"R† Us has also developed itself as a virtual retailer. Toys â€Å"R† Us operates many online retail websites. Babiesrus.com and toysrus.com have various international websites and are among the highly visited websites for clients looking for kids’ products (Lombardi, par 5). ... During 2012 Toys â€Å"R† Us sales of toys went down by a percentage of 3.5 to 20.47 billion dollars within the U.S, the global major toy market, rendering to a research company NPD Group. Previously, Toys â€Å"R† Us articulated that its same-stores sales within the US had gone down by 4.5% within the 9 weeks from 28th October to 29th December, a crucial time for toys’ sales (Brohan, par 8). Toys â€Å"R† Us total sales of toys went down by 4.7% in that period. Toys â€Å"R† Us Inc. has not stated toys’ sales results for its current fiscal year. During the year that concluded during 2012, January, same-store sales went down at home as well as within the global business, whereas total sales rocketed from 45 million dollars to 13.9 billion dollars (Lombardi, par). From this analysis, the Toys â€Å"R† Us Inc. is feasible to venture into emerging markets such as India. Despite the toy sales drop, Toys â€Å"R† Us total sales incre ment shows that the company can afford to venture new markets or emerging markets, which can boost its toy sales and generate more returns for the company (Brohan, par 5). India’s economic development was grounded upon socialist-inspired policies following the independence. It encompassed state-ownership of numerous sectors, regulations as well as red tape that was referred to as ‘License Raj’ in addition to safeguarding from the global markets. India’s political economy has rapidly transmuted with the economy’s liberalization during the 1990s (Maps of India, par 1). India has currently moved into a market-based structure and it is the global second speediest growing quintessential economy following China. India documented the highest gross domestic product rate of 9 percent in 2007. India’s growth has currently reached 7.5

War on Drugs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

War on Drugs - Essay Example On the one hand, the "war on drugs" helps criminal justice system to control illegal drug trade and reduce a number of drug addicts. The creation of the threat estimate is a logical and orderly examination of all the factors which when combined give shape to the threat. The circularity of effects should be dear. As American communities changed, fear of the unfamiliar and unknown, and consequently that of crime, rose. As a result, when people encounter illegal acts they are more likely to call the police, out of fear, whereas in the past, when the situation did not contain the element of unfamiliarity, the issue would be handled informally. So increasing fear is a cause of acceleration in reported crime when the actual incidence of crime has remained stable. In contrast to this view, "many critics claim that current drug control strategy is not only unnecessarily punitive but also largely ineffective". The majority of survey respondents str not satisfied with the present situation, ch aracterizing information/intelligence exchange as being "hit or miss," with actual "intelligence business" being conducted by personal contact and investigator meetings-in short, on a case by case basis. They cited limited connectivity between existing and planned networks and limited integration of federal efforts with those of state and local. Some investigators query systems but are reluctant to provide information to input. Fears of 'claim jumping' lucrative cases have prompted previously cooperative agencies to act much more cautiously." Additionally, "guarding drug intelligence and concealing major. â€Å"The current "prosecute-or-extradite" system functions through national prosecutions aided by ad hoc international cooperation. It leaves the enforcement of narcotics laws to individual nation-states, as nations may choose to assert jurisdiction and prosecute drug traffickers within their national justice systems, to extradite them to a requesting state, or to avoid taking an y action" (Mcconville 2000, p. 75). In addition, "the war on drugs" becomes a real burden for criminal justice system and prisons. Crowding in penal institutions may produce the most volatile situation of all. Many prisoners do not have a chance to be put on parole, so the effects of crowding apply steady pressure on them. That pressure is exacerbated by the violence, racism, and sense of hopelessness found in prisons. Crowding affects prison life in two ways: control of the prison population is more difficult as individual disciplinary problems and major disturbances increase, and individual deterioration is fostered (Miller, 2004). Prisoners living in crowded facilities for sustained periods commit suicide, die, are murdered, create disturbances, become ill, and have interpersonal problems more often than inmates not living in crowded surroundings. Both the actual amount of living space available to each inmate and the total number of men or women incarcerated are related to the negative impacts of imprisonment. Larg e institutions produce more severe physical and psychological effects than smaller facilities (The War on Drugs

Roosevelt's New Deal in American Government History Research Paper

Roosevelt's New Deal in American Government History - Research Paper Example This is all part of a debate that was being had during the dawn of the American republic between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson. As Hamilton once said, â€Å"It's not tyranny we desire; its a just, limited, federal government.† The idea had support, but also had a lot of opposition. Many Americans felt that the creation of federal parties would make the U.S. like the U.K. which they hated (Singleton, 89). Thomas Jefferson once wrote, â€Å"The two enemies of the people are criminals and government, so let us tie the second down with the chains of the Constitution so the second will not become the legalized version of the first.† He did not want federal parties taking power and using it to create a strong central government. Roosevelt's response to the Depression ignored both men but was inclined towards Hamilton's view. He used the federal government to drastically change the country forever. He changed labour law, created social security, and put the government into the very heart of the economy. The government became the back-stop for economic problems, and taxpayers were on the hook for failures in the private sector. This greatly increased the power of government and the power of the presidency. As the historian Amity Shlaes has written, Roosevelt's actions actually prolonged the Depression (Shlaes, 21). It was not until the Second World War revved up the American economy, that things got back to normal. At the time supporters felt it was necessary.  

Report On The Organisation Dominos Pizza Business Essay

Report On The Organisation Dominos Pizza Business Essay I have selected the organisation domino s pizza for the report ard since am working as an manager assistant in the forest hill franchise store. I had the opportunity to join this store in 2008. I made the discussion with franchise manager vennyliu and also had the opportunity to have a small discussion with dorninos new Zealand head operations Daniel Murray when he visited the forest hill store. Since I am working in this store for quite a while and knew how the process is going on in this institution so it was easy for me to pick this organisation for the assignment. IT was in 1960 two brothers torn monaghan and James purchased ased a small pizza store Dominick s a small pizza store in Ypsilanti, Michigan, in us. They bought the store for 575 us dollars. James sold his share to his brother and in 1965 torn renamed the store domino s pizza. It was on May 12 1983 dominos opened its first international store in Winnipeg, Manitoba ,Canada, By the year 1997 dominos opened the 1500th international location. It was in the year 1998 owner torn sold the 93 percent of the cormpany to Bain capital for one billion us dollars . After one year company named David A Brandon as the ceo and chairman of the company. it was in the year 2004 dominos began trading in new york stock exchange. It was in the year 2006 one dominos store in tallaght, Dublin, ireland, became the first in dominos history to hit a tUrnovOr of 3 million dollars. Domino s pizza is located in more than sixty countries now. Business demographics Dominos management and staff has to communicate locally, nationafly and internationally. Taking the example of dominos pizza franchise north shore where I am currently working as an assistant manager. We staff have to communicate with the co-workers and managers and franchise manager. The roster and the meeting notices are usually sent to our email, and if there are any changes or if we are unavailable we can email back to franchise manager. The payroll slip is also sent to our email. If there is any emergency like staff will not he able to work that days shift communication is usually made through phone and dominos has a toll free no 0800304050.The person who calls will not be charged and it can be used by landline and mobile. The communication between different stores is essential. It is mainly for the purpose of borrowing and return of the stock, Sometimes customer enquires about different stores telephone no. It is basically done through phone. Communication with the customer is direct verbally when they come to the store for purchase or any other queries .we use to take telephonie orders and online order as well. Our store does the online business very well nationally. Online ordering is one of the speciality of dominos pizza. Where customers can easily get the menu in the computer and they can select according to their taste and range. They can choose the option of delivering to their place or takeaway. There has been a survey conducted by the us dominos that people will be spending a certain amount of money for eating out, This would be like more than 5% will be delivered to their to their home and it will be online ordering and this would ncrease to 12% in the near future 4 tc 5 years. The communication of the suppliers are also through phone and faxing sometimes we order the food delivery through phone and in special cases like holidays the order will be sent as fax. International communication is also essential the us domino team and Australaian dominos team visits our store once a year. This information will be passed to franchise by the new Zealand head office. The report of the store visit and the upgrading required and changes needed will be sent to franchise though e mail. Courier and post. The courier and post are used for the supply of circulars and brochures. 2) Organsational goals Increase the profitability of busmess: Organisational goal of dominos is to increase the profitability of th business. Communication is an important factor in increasing the profitability. The sales should be increased and customer complaints should be reduced Advertisement campaign should be done. If there is any promotion by dominos it should be conveyed to customers and if any doubts arises from customer it should be sorted out. There are some promotions which it will be in the system but staff may not know about it. It should be discussed wth the franchise manager and should be conveyed to the customer if there is any customer complaints it should be discused in the store and it shouId be noted that the similar complaint never arises in future. If he customer sends the complaint to the dom nos head oflice the franchise has to send a report to head office showing all thedetails of corrective action taken by the store. Employee motivation:communication plays an important role in employee motivation. Financial rewardc areone of the key motivation factors. When the store crosses particular sales the employees get an incentive.AppreciatiOn in work are also good motivation and it should be communicated to the employee verbally by store manage when particular employee does a good job or finishes a particular hard task. The job security are also conveyed to the employee if an employee is performing well the message will be conveyed to him by the area manager that he is not going to lose his job. 3) Organisational culture and ethics since the employees in dominos are a multicultural. People from different parts of tie world work in the forest hill domino store.There are Chinese, Koreans, Europeans and Indians working in the store. the team should be following an ethhcs in the store for example the people working from China they will be returning to china during thL Chinese new year and during this period other nationaIites will be covering their shift. dominos has an in store ethics for eeverything one of it is behaviour to customer:, even if the customers get angry staff should be polite to them and apologise for any of the mistakes and not argue with customer. even though the communication is in English between the staff members but usuaily Chinese people talk to each other in Chinese and 80% of staff are ChinosO and there will be at least one Asian working in each. shift, 4) Management of knowledge resources: in the organistion franchice manager and the store manager possess the knowledge for the business.it includes the day today running, payroll,food ordering, recruiting new staff, training new staff ,and the new products and new prmotions will be sent to the company by email from head office and that emails will he fowarded to the staff.Banking and other financial matters are done by the store manager. Dominos has online site for training and thats called doti and every sstaff of dominos has to go online and get the online training If there requirers any sort of details the head office person comes directly for help and they clear the doubt. There was a problem in food ordering and the new Zealand head came straight to the shop and cleared the doubts. 5) Group dynamics: Employees make the group and that makes a team.. Usually people working in each shift of dominos can be considered a team. There will be emotional stress from employees especially when they are working on Friday and Saturday evening shifts and this will be sorted out by putting or replacing an additional experienced person. When the conflict arises in the team each individual in the team will be asked questions personally and as a group and final solution is found out by getting the answers from employees. Employees are also put in different sections like make line to counter and counter to delvery position. So each person can look at different angles of work and how each one does their duty in each sections, The basic terminology of forming,storming,norming and performing is there in our store as well to make the team well knit and to be connected to each othcr. 6) Meeting management Communication process are essential in running the meeting successfully. In our store we have a meeting room.Invitation to meeting to all staff members are done through calling them on phone and telling them the time of meeting. The meetng can be of anything like a customer complaint which is serious something like found a foreign product in the pizza and customer was admitted to hospital. The food from the customer was taken and send to the quality assurance department and a nominal amount was paid by the supplier of dominos. So what need to be done and how to handle the situation will be discussed and minutes will be taken and the action taken in the meeting will also he taken down. sometimes when the inspection team from Australia visited our store and we got a good marks in that inspection the management decided to have a meeting and a party at sky City hotels. This was published in the notice board and it was sent to a11 staff members email dnd also it was communicated verbally as well. The time place , when , where should be informed to whom(people attending the meeting). 7) Stakeholders: Customers: customers are communicated verbally when they come to store. and also througn phone since there is telephone ordering in the store Managementcomrnuniaiion with the management is basically verbally when the managers are in the store and use of telephone and email are used to pass vital information. Suppose there is an inspection from head office then the area manager will telephone the matter to the staff. The pay slips and roster are usually send to the email. Staff: The communication with staff is usually verbal and texting are also used to send the informatioin wnich are not vital. Bank: Dominos forest bill store deals with WestPaC bank and the dealings are usually through phone,emall the banking statements and discuss verbally sometimes with the bank if any errors has occurred sometimes the customer wltl be charged twice when they order online that has to be sorted out with the bank first and then return the money to the customer. 8) NetwOrks: store is equipped with computer and online facIlity is available for ordering. Distribution of flyers to the public which will increase the business of the dominos and display tne dominos price boards near the store and there is a car which is specifically for the advertisement. it is written the name dominos and price of the pizza are mentioned in the car. Distribution of promotional material who visits the store basically they are given discount vouchers when they use it they get the discount. Conclusions It was in 1965 the dominos started in us it was in the year 2008 new franchise store of dominos was opened in forest hill north shore. I had the opportunity to join this forest hill store as customer service representative, and was promoted to assistant manager within six months. The communication between the staff members and franchise manager and store manager are through emails, telephone, texts and verbal communicaton. The organisational goals are increasuing the profitability of the of the business and communication is impoertant. Sales should be increased and customer complaints customer complaints should be reduced. In employee motivation communication plays a vital part appreciation by the store manager and job security to the employees also offered to the employee. North shore dominos are having a multicultural and 80% staff are Chinese basic medium of language is english. Asians, speak in Chinese to their co-workers and dominos have a solid ethics especlally if the customers are angry the staff should apologise. In the organisation the franchise manager and the store managers possess the knowledge for the business. It includes the day today runnmg, payroll. food ordering,recruiting new staf, training new staff,and the new products and new promotions will be sent to the company by email from head office and that email will be forwarded to the staff. Banking and other financial matters are done by the the store manager. Dominos has an on line site for training and that is called doti and every staff of dominos has to go online and get online training. There will be emotional stress from employees especially when they are working on Friday and Saturday evening shifts and this will be sorted out by putting or replacing an additional experienced person. Communication process are essential in running the meeting successfully. In our store we have a meeting room.Invitation to meeting to all staff members are done through calling them on phone and telling them the time of meeting. The meetng can be of anything like a customer complaint which is serious something like found a foreign product in the pizza and customer was admitted to hospital. The food from the customer was taken and send to the quality assurance department and a nominal amount was paid by the supplier of dominos. So what need to be done and how to handle the situation will be discussed and minutes will be taken and the action taken in the meeting will also he taken down. The communication to the customers, staff, management, and bank are uasually done through verbal,through telephone,emails and texts. Recommendation It will be better to start a dominos club in forest hill and those who join the club for a nominal fee will he getting the discountsd on each purchase they make from any new Zealand store,The club members will be given 50% discount on public holidays and no surcharge will be applied for club members. These club members whO actively purchase from dominos store will be participating in a lucky draw twice a year. They will be given the new menu, changes in the menu and new products available in dominos through email. Each lucky person will be given the opportunity to distribute the flyers of dominos forest hill once a week in the dominos advertisement car, the name will be choosen from lucky draw. This enables the people to ineract socially and communicate and grow the business.

Upton Sinclairs Purpose in Writing The Jungle Essay examples -- Upton

Upton Sinclair's Purpose in Writing The Jungle Upton Sinclair wrote this book for a couple of reasons. First and foremost, he tries to awaken the reader to the terrible living conditions of immigrants in the cities around the turn of the century. Chicago has the most potent examples of these conditions. Secondly, he attempts to show the advantages of socialism in helping to remedy the problems of a society such as the one that exists in Chicago at this time. Sinclair accomplishes his objectives with an extremely powerful story. Jurgis Rudkus and his family seem to be an average immigrant family of the period. They are not wealthy and they are easily fooled by schemes designed to take what little they have. The language barrier encountered by these people is a major factor in allowing them to be swindled. The immigrants of this period tend to trust anyone who is fluent in their native language. This fact is put to use twice early in their time in America. A Lithuanian lawyer is sought to read over the contract for the purchase of their house. Jurgis is suspicious when the lawyer and the agent are on a first name basis. However, when the lawyer tells him that it is a legal and fair document, Jurgis believes him. The lawyer does not tell him of the loopholes that will eventually lead to the loss of the house. After Jurgis works in the packing house for a while, a man tells him in Lithuanian that he can now become a citizen. Jurgis is then registered to vote, and told about one of the candidates. Nothing is said of the other candidate, so he votes for the man that he is told of, and receives money for this vote. Another problem faced by most of the immigrants of Chicago is making a living. Jurgis gets a job on the first day trying. He is paid the princely sum of $1.25 a day. In Lithuania, this is a lot of money. With the wages of himself and his brother, the entire family should be able to keep solvent. Due to the hidden charges for the house, he finds that he is dreadfully wrong. Eventually, all of the family members must seek work, just to survive. Life becomes a 'hand-to-mouth' proposition. Even after the family loses the house, things do not get any easier. During this time period, there is no such thing as job security. All of the packing houses have a 'speed-up' polic... ... This work paints a very vivid picture of the world of the immigrant of the early 1900's. It makes the reader think about the injustices that existed then, and to some extent, still exist. The story seems to be true to life, and not the least bit contrived. The reader is wrapped up in the life of Jurgis Rudkus. Every time he seems to be on top of things, he is knocked off by some unseen force. The book is very difficult to put down because the fate of the main character always seems to be hanging on the brink. This book is an indispensable insight into the history of the era. However, the socialist propaganda at the end seems to be a bit hard to accept. It is too large of a dose, and seems to abandon Jurgis. This appears to be the only problem with the book, and can be almost overlooked by the reader, if it is desired. Upton Sinclair wrote a very impressive work. It is definitely worth the time to read it. It shows many facets of life during the period. The storyteller has a very dynamic person to narrarate. The hopes and dreams of a generation of immigrants to the United States are presented in a very thought-provoking manner.

Animal Testing Controversy

Animal Testing Controversy When shopping at a store, no one ever thinks when he or she buys makeup, cleaning products, deodorant or lotion, that it has potentially hurt an innocent animal. In fact, millions of animals die every year due to a chemical drug. Those animals harmed never got a chance to live a normal, animal life; instead, they were put into cages and locked up for years at a time. While animal testing can be used to ensure the safety of certain drugs for humans, potentially killing or harming the animal being tested deems this practice wrong because it is immoral to kill or injure an innocent animal.An animal being subjected to testing is not fair; that animal did nothing wrong to deserve to be treated as an experiment. Like humans, animals are creatures living and breathing on this world too. How is it acceptable that creatures almost equal to us humans are treated like scum? Stated in the article â€Å"Controversy of Animal Testing† by Ian Murnaghan, â€Å"One key argument against animal testing involves the inability of animals to consent to the tests. Humans†¦ can make an informed decision to consent while animals have tests forced upon them, with no choice. As Murnaghan said, animals do not have the choice to decide whether they’ll be tested on or not, for they are obviously unable to speak. However, given the opportunity for an animal to have a voice, the likelihood that they’d reject the proposal of a test is highly likely. During an animal test, it may involve pain, suffering and discomfort. Although researchers try their best to minimize the pain, they aren't able to completely prevent any from happening. For the reason that an innocent animal is suffering against their free will, animal testing should be eliminated for the testing of drugs and other substances.All beings respond differently to various kinds of drugs and chemicals applied on them for testing. Since they react in so many different ways, it is very hard to conclude any results from the data they receive. As Murnaghan says in the article â€Å"Using Animals for Testing: Pros Versus Cons,† â€Å"the reaction of a drug in an animal's body is quite different from the reaction in a human. The main criticism here is that some believe animal testing is unreliable. † Like Murnaghan stated, it is almost pointless to even test animals on certain drugs and chemicals because they all have different responses to everything.For instance, morphine, which is a commonly used drug for pain relief, calms humans, whereas for cats, it excites them. Varied reactions from a drug emphasizes that humans and animals are different creatures, therefore, why test on animals expecting results related to how humans will react? That simply does not make sense. While researchers may search for drug and chemical questions through the testing of animals, the results are figured to be invalid due to the fact that our bodies are composed differentl y, thus deeming animal testing as unnecessary and wrong.Not only are animals harmed and potentially killed while being tested on, but their living conditions are inhumane and unfair. Arrays of cages are what researchers keep animals in. Small animals, like hamsters, rats and mice, are typically kept in clear or white plastic boxes about the size of a shoebox. Animals a bit bigger, such as guinea pigs, live in larger boxes about twice the size of a shoebox but more than one animal lives in a box. Larger animals like dogs, cats, and primates usually live in wire cages. Should these animals be kept in these circumstances their entire lives?Heartbreakingly, most animals stay in their cages all the time except when they are being used in experiments. What kind of life is that? On one hand, strict laws insure that the cages are warm, clean, and big enough. However, they are still kept in cages; a cage can never be as interesting, stimulating, or open as a natural habitat. On the PETA webs ite, a startling image is locked into the reader’s mind, â€Å"Imagine living inside a locked closet without any control over any aspect of your life. You can't choose when and what you eat, how you will spend your time, whether or not you will have a partner and children, or who that partner will be.You can't even decide when the lights go on and off†¦ This is life for an animal in a laboratory. It is deprivation, isolation, and misery. † In no way, shape, or form is it fair for an animal to be kept in a cage their entire life. Humans aren’t treated and put into cages for their life span, why should animals? Back to a point made in a previous paragraph, animals are living, breathing creatures on this earth too; they deserve reasonable living conditions while being put into these terrible situations.Although many people disagree in the act of animal testing, others are set in the fact that it’s beneficial to our society and movement in improving mode rn science. By testing on animals, it can find drugs and treatments to advance health and medicine for humans. In the article â€Å"Using Animals for Testing: Pros Versus Cons,† Murnaghan writes, â€Å"They see humans are superior to animal life and this belief thus justifies the use of animals in testing. While animal suffering should be minimized, they also cite that it is preferable for an animal to suffer as opposed to a human. Researchers view animals as test subjects and conclude that humans are higher in the circle of life; therefore choosing animals for testing is the best choice for society. Those doing the experiments are not motivated by cruelty towards the animal but by a powerful desire to push the boundaries of medical research and develop therapies for diseases. The fact that hurting animals is benefiting humans is the sole reason researchers and people deem the practice as right. Another reason this practice is believed right is animal testing helps to ensure the safety of drugs and many other substances humans use or are open to regularly.Drugs can carry substantial dangers with their use but animal testing lets researchers measure the safety of drugs prior to trials on humans. Thus, human lives are saved due to them not being harmed from the tests and the drugs tested. The price paid was to the harm of the animals, but with the gain of quality of life to humans, the world moves on. Even though there are some aspects of animal testing that are right and that benefit humans, a creature on this earth is still being harmed. If animals are alive and breathing just like humans, then they should be treated like them too.Animals are subjected to spend their whole lives in a lab taking the abuse of medical procedures and operations. It is wrong that animals are the ones who take this abuse, especially, like stated earlier, when they are given no alternative choice or route. If a human would have a choice in this situation, an animal should too because any life has value, and animal testing shames that. Being confined to a miserable life with numerous tests that are commonly painful is not a lifestyle that any living thing should be forced to pursue. An animal has to waste its life, well-being, and health for human benefit.These conditions are not something that any human would choose to undergo, and animals would not either, which is why animal experimentation is wrong. However, without animal testing, humans would be exposed to things that could cause harmful damage or disease. Still, there are other ways that these products and medicines can be tested other than using innocent animals. In an article in the NY times, companies state that they are taking actions in finding new ways to test, â€Å"small companies, like Entelos, supply computer simulation programs for virtual testing.Such software incorporates hundreds of variables to simulate how humans who suffer from conditions like asthma, obesity or Type 1 or 2 diabe tes will react to a new drug. † By using new forms of testing, animals are used less in the lab for experiments and more in their own environment, living normal, animal lives. Those companies finding new ways to test their products should be commended. Testing products before they are released is the safe action to do, therefore, other ways to test those products is very important in the act in saving animals from being harmed from testing.Animal testing has been taking place for hundreds of years and it’s no less immoral today than it was then. It leads to lasting damage to animals, and in many cases, death. Animal testing is wrong because they have no say in what happens to them, the bodies of animals and humans are different, therefore testing on an animal to find results for a human is unnecessary, their living conditions are horrid, and lastly, there are now other ways to perform tests for products using technology.Animal testing is unfair, immoral, and selfish for anybody to do, no matter what the purpose may be. It may be said to save lives; however, it kills more than it saves. Works Cited â€Å"Cruelty to Animals in Laboratories. †Ã‚  Peta. org. N. p. , n. d. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. . Feder, Barnaby J. â€Å"Saving the Animals: New Ways to Test Products. †Ã‚  The New York Times. The New York Times, 12 Sept. 2007. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. . Murnaghan, Ian. â€Å"Controversy of Animal Testing. †Ã‚  Controversy of Animal Testing. N. p. 14 Dec. 2010. Web. 7 Oct. 2012. . Murnaghan, Ian. â€Å"Using Animals for Testing: Pros Versus Cons. †Ã‚  Using Animals for Testing: Pros Versus Cons. N. p. , 1 July 2011. Web. 7 Oct. 2012. . Suzy Woodell October 15, 2012 Period 2 College English |B |I believe I did well on blueprint because I organized my paragraphs with | | | |TREAC, sometimes adding my own twist and writing style to it, which I | | | |think helped me get my views across better. | |C |I think I did well on content and develo ping my ideas because I analyzed | | | |my view and ideas on it well and tried my best to really get what I | | | |wanted to say on paper. | | |D |With diction, I think I truly tried my best in using a broad vocabulary, | | | |so I think I did pretty well on it because throughout my essay, I use a | | | |variety of words and articulate vocabulary without using too much of it. | | |It has the right balance. | | |E |Throughout my essay, I believe I did well with using a variety of | | | |sentence lengths, top 20 leads, and I even have a repeat key. Therefore,| | | |because of those reasons, I deserve a good grade on this because my | | | |sentences vary and useful leads are used. | | |F |I think I did alright on formalities.I have trouble with punctuation. | | | |Even when I try my hardest to fix it, I never know if it’s right. | | | |Although, I don’t think I spelled anything wrong, so that’s a plus. | | | |However, I only think I deserve an okay grade on this is because I | | | |probably have some punctuation errors that need to be fixed. | | ———————– B+ A B A B+ C+